Automatic transmission mechanism



Oct. 2, 1951 Jj W ELLQR 2,569,981

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed May l5, 1948 6 Sheets-Sheet l ATTOR N EY Oct. 2, 1951 J. w. E LLOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION MECHANISM 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 15, 1948 wfg@ ATTORNEY Oct. 2, `1951 J. WELLOR AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION MECHANISM 6 Sheets-Shea?l 5 Filed May l5, 1948 ATTORNEY Oct. 2, 1951 J. w. ELLOR 2,569,981

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed VMay 15, 1948 6 SheetS-SheefI 4 lNvENToR fasi/w M 2me ATTORNEY Oct. 2, 1951 J, W ELLOR 2,559,981

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed May l5, 1948 .l 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Aura/unc Wurf' Cayman-p JY 65nm/fuor; Fuer:

K H Cw/mmm MUAH r l y y l l 726550K: FEL/IF ring are-24750 JY ave/mr: H11/p d t a ATTORNEY Oct. 2, 1951 J. w. ELLOR 2,569,981

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed May 15, 1948 NEI/WHL P05/[70N Marv): /pL/Ms Famwwr /Kf'cr men/E 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 I F 15 4x5 I d.

INVENTOR 76255176 I4( LL ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 2, 19u51 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Joseph William Ellor, East Orange, N. J.

Application May 15, 1948, Serial No. 27,248

7 claims. (o1. 'f4- 752) The present invention relates to power transmissions and more particularly to an automatic transmission for power driven vehicles or motor boats and the like.

Automatic transmissions are at present used to a limited extent in some types of Vehicles but such systems are restricted in speed variations `which thus vlimits the power transmitted from the engine to the driveshaft. A further disadvantage inherent in present `type automatic transmissions resides in the fact that the vehicle must not only be brought to a complete stop before shifting of the transmission mechanism into reverse but such shifting is itself accompanied by a clashing of gears. 'I'his is not only exceedingly annoying to the operator but causes injury and shortening of the life of the transmission gearing.

Itis accordingly the primary object of the present `invention to provide an automatically operable transmission wherein the power ratio and speed varies automatically in direct response to existing conditions such as the speed of the vehicle and rotation of the driving motor.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of an automatic transmission wherein operation of the transmission is responsive to the speed of the vehicle and rotation of the power source and the shifting of the transmission gearing is silent at all speeds and automatic.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of an automatic transmission which is not only silent in its automatic operation in response to variations in speed of the vehicle and rotation of the motor, but wherein the transmission may be operated to reverse position without the necessity of bringing the vehicle to a complete stop thus enabling the transmission to momentarily function as a brake before reversal of the direction of movement of the vehicle.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of an automatic transmission wherein hydraulic pressure accumulators are employed which automatically varies the torque applied to the vehicle drive gear in response to variations in speed of the vehicle and the motor.

Still further objects of the present invention will become obvious to those skilled in the art by reference to the accompanying drawings where- Fig. l is a cross-sectional view of the transmission of the present invention;

Fig. 2 isa cross-sectional view taken on the une iig-n1; l

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line III--IIII of Fig-2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary View of the sump outlet valve;

Fig. 5 is a similar View of the sump inlet valve;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line VI-VI of Fig. l;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line VTi- VII of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 1;

` Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on the line IX-IX of Fig. l;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the fluid pressure system forming an integral part of the present transmission;

Figs. ll to 15, inclusive, are schematic illustrations showing various operating positions of the transmission of the present invention.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, the transmission of the present invention is contained within a two-part housing 5 bolted together at B, Suitably journalled in ball bearings 'I carried by the housing is an input drive gear 8 which is in the form of a flange with gear teeth 9 (see Fig. 6) cut on the inner peripheral surface of the flange. Meshing with the drive gear 3' are a pair of pinion gears I0 and I2 having their axes of rotation disposed apart, with these pinion gears being journalled to and carried by an intermediate variable torque transfer gear I3 also of flange shape and provided with teeth I!! on its outer peripheral flanged surface, with such transfer gear I3 being journalled to rotate about an intermediate variable torque transfer equalizer gear i5 ccaxially disposed with, and immediately in back of, the input drive lgear 8, as can be more readily seen in Fig. 6.

A plurality of pinion gears I5, I1 and I8 (Fig. 6),-with their axes of rotation spaced approximately 129 apart, engage the teeth I4 on the outer periphery of the transfer gear I3.. As can be seen more clearly from Figs. 2 and 3, these gears IS, I'I and I8 are carried by respective shafts I9, 20 and 22 which are journalled in a Y head 23, the latter being itself journalled for rotation, as hereinafter described, about ball bearings 2i and 25. Each shaft I9, 20 and 22 also carries a second pinion gear 26, 2'I and 28, respectively (Fig. 2), each of which engages a pinion gear 29, 30 and 52 carried by shafts 33, 34 and 35 journalled in the head 23 in the same manner as the shafts I9, 2li and 22.

Each respective gear set 2li- 29. 21-30 and 28--32, as shown in Fig. 2, constitute oil-pressure pump units as hereinafter described more in detail, and at the same time operate as transfer gearing, since the shafts 33, 34 and 35 also carry a further pinion gear 36, 31 and 38, respectively, each of which engage the teeth 39 (Fig. 7) on the outer surface of a flanged gear or second intermediate variable torque transfer gear 45, similar to the flanged gear I3, as shown in Fig. 7.

Also, as can be seen more clearly from Figs. 1 and 7, this transfer gear 48 carries a pairvof journalled pinion gears 42 and 43 which engage the equalizer gearI5 as well as the teeth 44 disposed on the inner periphery of a iianged output' drive gear 45, in the same manner? that the pinion gears I8 and I2 engage the teeth 3 of the flanged. gear 8 and the equalizer gear I5. Referring againY to Fig. 1, it Will be noted that the second' Vintermediate variable torque transfer gear 48 Acarries a series of clutch plates 46 normally disengaged from a similar series of clutch plates 41 carried by thehead 2'3Lwithf therengagement'lof such clutch plates being hydraulical-lycontrolled as` of a three position manualselector splined coupling 58 operated-.by a'shifting fork 52 and lever 53, for reversing the normal direction of rotation of theoutputdrive shaft 54 which is connected to the selector coupling 58, at the will f of the operator.

It will also besnoted .from Fig.` 1 that output drive gear 45 is provided with a series of clutch plates 55 which'are normally in engagement with a similar'set of clutch plates 56carried by a forward driveoutput gear 51, so that under normal operatingA conditions, except when the hill gear as hereinafter explained isrin operation, the. output drivev gear. 45 and the'forward drive output gear 51 can be considered Vas one. However, forward drive output gear 51 carries a pair of pinion gearsV 53'and 59 having their axes of rotationA approximately 180 'apart which mesh with output drive Ygearf45as well as with a ring gear 65, as canbe seen from Fig. 8.

A worm gear 62 is'carried by the output drive shaft 54'which, as shown in Fig. 9 gV engages a worm 63 carried by a vertical shaft 64 for the purpose of operating a valve65'controlled by a governor 66.` A secondvalve 61 (Figs. 1 and 10) is manually controlled by the shifting lever 53 which is thus operated simultaneously with the shifting plurality of normally open centrifugal valves 13,V

14 and 15, into a plurality of pressure accumulan tors 16, l1 and 18, carried by the head 23.

At the same time the uid Aunder pressure is forced back to a pressure regulating valve 19V (seeFig. 4) through a conduit 88 where it exhausts into the sump or reservoir 69 when the pressure rises too high. Such exhaust conduit 80 also branches through a conduit82 into apres- 4 sure relief valve 83 actuated by the vehicle braking system for suddenly relieving the pressure upon application of the vehicle brakes. A xed pressure accumulator'chamber 84 is provided into which the fluid is forced through a check valve 85 with this chamber 84 having a safety check valve 86. From this accumulator chamber 84 a conduit 81 extends to the governor controlled valve 65 and thence to a servomotor 88, which is mechanically connected to aib'rake band 89 normally engaging the outer peripheral surface of the' head 23 under a spring pressure in the customary manner, to prevent rotation thereof. A similar conduit connects'theaccumulator chamber 84 to the normally closed manually operable valve 61 and from this latter valve 61 a conduit 92 extends to a secondservomotorSB, mechanically connected to a brake band 94 surrounding the outer periphery of output drive gear 45 but normally'out of contact therewith since inthis instance the cus-V tomary spring urges the band'in` thedisengaged position. It'will also' be noted `that al conduit/'95 extends fromA each centrifugally operated valve 13, 14 and 15 to one side of the'clutch-` plates 41` to force them into engagement with the clutch plates 46 ycarried bythe transfergear 4u at the*V proper time.

The transmission of the present inventionfopcrates in the'followingmannerz Upon'starting of the motor and with the transmissionshifting lever 53 in the neutralposition .input `drivegear 8 rotates in aclockwise direction,1as shown .by the arrow in Fig. 11. Since this gear is the drive gear of a planetary: arrangement it causes rotation of the pinion gearsY :I'iandlll torque transfer gear I3'causes the latter'to `also rotate, at the same time the equalizer gear I5` rotates in relation tothe speed' ofV transfergear I3, until the latter stops rotating'due'to the'building up of pressure, as hereinafter .mentioned when the torque is transferred-.tooutput gear45 through equalizer .gear I5. Pinion'gears I6; I1 and I B being kin engagement'with transfer gear I 3V also rotate and since their respective shaftscarry the pump gears 26, 21 and 28 the latter also `rotate.

the pinion gears42 and 43 which likewise causes the equalizergear I5 to rotate. However, since these pinions 42and 43 alsoengage the output"V drive gear 45 it also rotates and, because of the normal engagementof the clutch plates 55/andv 53, the forward drive output gear 51" rotates `therewith and its pinion `gears58and53`carry the ring gear 68 therewith.

It will be appreciated that'at this time'with the shifting lever in the neutral position, the gov'- ernor controlled'valve 65'and themanu'allyop.- erable valve 61 `arer in theclosed position; Ac'- cording1y,'the fluid drawn from the sump orrese ervoir 59, by the pumps 26--29, 21-3 and 28T-324 which are operating; is forced through `the-nor,- mally open centrifugal valves V13;'14and'15into the accumulators 16;` 11 and-18; At this time no pressure is built up in the stationary accumulatorv 84V nor the accumulators'16; Hand 1li-because not enough flow is obtained at idling motor speed to close thepressure regulatingivalvew. In the neutral position the entire gearing'arrangmentf These Vgears being journalledto the intermediate' variable' peller of a boat.

L" will be in the relation as shown by the schematic diagram of Fig. 11 with the heavy lines denoting moving parts at this time.

Assuming now it is desired to start the vehicle in the forward direction the operator moves the shifting lever 53 to the right as shown in Fig. 1. This causes the three position manual selector splined coupling 50 to also move to the right and its teeth 49 to silently engage teeth 96 of the forward drive output gear 51, thus causing the output drive shaft 54 to rotate to drive the differential mechanism of a vehicle, or the pro- At the time of moving the shifting lever 53, the manually operated valve 61, is also momentarily opened since the lower circular groove of this valve 61 (see Fig. 10) momentarily connects conduit 90 with conduit 92 in passing, which causes the application of pressure to the servomotor 93 and the momentary tightening of the brake band 94. This allows the rotation of the gears 45-51 to be slowed or stopped until the teeth 49 of the selector coupling silently and easily engages the teeth 96 of the forward drive gear 51 after which the brake band 94 is again immediately released due to release of pressure by reclosure of valve 61. The respective positions of the planetary gearing arrangement will then be as shown in Fig. 12 again with heavy lines indicating rotating gearing.

Now that the vehicle is in forward motion with accelerated motor speed, worm gear 62 rotates the worm 63 and shaft 64, causing the governor 66 to open valve 65 when the vehicle has attained a speed of about 18 to 20 miles per hour. Also upon acceleration of the motor, regulating valve 19 closes due to increased pressure exerted thereon, causing pressure to be builtup in accumulators 16, 11 and 18. As the pressure increases upon closure of valve 19, the pumps are thus under an increased loading resulting in a slowing down in their speed of rotation, which decreases the rotation of intermediate gears I3-49, thereby causing output gear 45 to rotate at a higher speed. Upon opening of the governor controlled valve 65 fluid pressure is then applied tol-the servornotor 88 causing brake band 89 to release its normal engagement with the head 23. Accordingly the head 23 will now rotate about its bearings 24 and 25 and the centrifugal force due to its rotation will cause the valves 13, 14 and 15 to close communication from the pumps 26--29, 21--39 and 28-32 to the accumulators 16, 11 and 18 and to open communication from the latter through conduits 95 to the clutch plates 41 and force them into engagement with the plates 46 since the pressure stored in these accumulators 16, 11 and 18 is suiiicient for this.,

purpose and no further pressure at this time is being supplied to the accumulators by the fluid pressure pumps. Engagement of the clutch plates 46 and 41 thus locks the planetary gearing arrangements so that the input gear 8 and output drive gears 45--51 operate in unison at a one-toone ratio after the vehicle has attained the 18 to miles per hour speed with the gearing arrangement being as shown schematically in Fig. 13.

Assuming now that the vehicle motor starts to labor, as in climbing a hill, the operator moves a pivoted hill gear control lever 91 which, if desired, may be operated by complete depression of the accelerator pedal or as a separate lever. Movement of this pivoted lever causes disengagement "of the clutchplates A55` and 56, through a clevisr and link arrangement 98 which :moves the latter tothe right, as shown in Fig. 1, to exert more pressure on the customary clutch springs thereby relieving pressure on the clutch plates 55-and 56 as can be seen from Fig. 14. Also at this time, since thespeed of the vehicle has been reduced, the governor controlled valve 65 will again have operated to cause the brake band 89 to grip head 23 and stop its rotation and clutch plates 45-46 will have disengaged due to release of pressure by reclosure of centrifugally operated valves 13, 14 and 15. The entire planetary arrangement will again operate as previously described with the exception that output gears 45-51 can no longer be considered as one. Instead gear 45 now rotates the pinion gears 58 and 59 which in turn roll around the inner periphery of ring gear 69 as the latter is held stationary by an over-riding brake which comprises a plurality of spring pressed rollers 99 (Fig. 8). Consequently output drive gear 51 is rotated at a much reduced speed but with greater power from the pinion gears 58 and 59 carried by the gear 51 resulting in this increased power being transmitted to the selector coupling 50 and the output drive shaft 54. Again the arrangement of the transmission in the forward and hill gear drive position may be readily appreciated by reference to the schematic showing as in Fig. 14.

Whenever it is desired to bring the vehicle to a stop the operator merely releases the accelerator and applies the brakes in the conventional manner. However, upon depression of the brake pedal (not shown), the pressure relief valve 83 (Fig. 10) opens since it is actuated by the brake fluid system, and when opened the pressure within the system, built up by the pump gears as the motor and transmission decelerate, is released by the fluid being discharged into the sump or reservoir 69. The shifting or direction lever 53 may then be returned to the neutral position although this is not essential if one intends to proceed in a forward direction, since the transmission will operate at motor idling speed without any torque being transferred to output gear 45..

To cause reverse direction of movement of the vehicle the operator moves the shift lever 53 to the reverse position. This causes the manual selector coupling 50 to move to the left as shown in Fig. 1 with its gear teeth 49 engaging the teeth 48 carried by the extending hub portion of transfer gear 49. Thus the splined coupling 50, together with the output drive Shaft 5i4 directly connected thereto, rotates at the speed of the transfer gear 49, with attendant rotation of the gears 45--51 having no part in the driving operation at this time since the brake band Si@ holds output gear 45 and causing the torque to be transferred in reverse through gear 40 directly to coupling 59. The output drive shaft 54 accordingly rotates in a direction opposite to that when the coupling 50 is connected to the teeth on gear 51, causing reverse direction of movement of the vehicle. The entire arrangement of the gearing will at this time be as shown in the schematic diagram of Fig. 15.

It will thus be seen from the foregoing that an automatic transmission is herein shown and described which has a variable speed drive until the vehicle attains a speed of approximately 18 to 20 miles per hour at which time the transmission automatically shifts into a direct one-to-one ratio between the inputand output drives. This of `pinion gears and with said intermediate variable torque transfer equalizer gear and provided with clutch plates, a cooperating set of clutch plates carried by said head adjacent the clutch plates of said second intermediate variable torque transfer gear and operable by a release of pressure in said pressure accumulators in response to operation of said centrifugally operated valves to cause said sets of clutch plates to engage each other and cause rotation of said head, an output drive gear engaging the planetary gear set ofsaid second intermediate variable torque transfer gear for rotating the latter and provided with clutch plates, a` forward drive output gear provided with clutch plates normally engaging the clutch plates of said output drive gear to cause simultaneous rotation of said output drive gear and said forward drive output gear, pinion gears carried bysaid forward drive output gear and engaging a ring gear and rotatable as a unit during engagement of the clutch plates carried by said output drive gear and the clutch plates carried by said forward drive output gear, an output shaft, and a manually operable selector coupling for connecting said output drive shaft to said forward output drive gear.

4. An automatic variable speed transmission comprising a drive gear, a first intermediate variable torque transfer gear engageable with said drive gear for rotation by the latter and including a planetary gearing set engageable with an intermediate variable torque transfer equalizer gear, a head provided with a plurality of sets of pinion gears engaging said intermediate variable torque transfer gear for rotation thereby, a plurality of fluid pressure pumps carried by shafts driven by said sets of pinion gears, a plurality of pressure accumulators carried in the periphery of said head "and connected to said fluid pressure pumps for accumulating fluid pressure therein upon rotation of said pumps below a definite speed of rotation of said drive gear, centrifugally operated valves for controlling fluid flow to and from said pressure accumulators, a second intermediate variable torque transfer gear including a planetary gearing set engageable with said sets of pinion gears and with said intermediate variable torque transfer equalizer gear and provided with clutch plates, a cooperating set of clutch plates carried by said head adjacent the clutch plates of said second intermediate variable torque transfer gear and operable by a release of pressure in said pressure accumulators in response to operation of said centrifugally operated valves to cause said sets of clutch plates to engage each other and cause rotation of said head, an output drive gear engaging the planetary gear set of said second intermediate variable torque transfer gear for rotating the latter and provided with clutch plates, a forward drive output gear provided with clutch plates normally engaging the clutch plates of said output drive gear to cause simultaneous rotation of said output drive gear and said forward drive output gear, pinion gears carried by said forward drive output gear and engaging a ring gear and all rotatable as a unit with said output drive gear during engagement of the clutch plates carried by said output drive gear and the clutch plates carried by said forward drive output gear, an output shaft, a manually operable selector coupling for connecting said output drive shaft to said forward drive output gear, and a hill gear control mechanism op"- erable when desired to cause disengagement of said normally engaged clutch plates and the separate simultaneous rotation of said forward drive output gear with its self supported pinion gears and said ring gear, to increase the power ratio applied to said output drive shaft.

5. An automatic variable speed transmission comprising a drive gear, a first intermediate variable torque transfer gear engageable with said drive gear for rotation by the latter and including a planetary gearing set engageable with an intermediate variable torque transfer equalizer gear, a head provided with a plurality of sets of pinion gears engaging said intermediate variable torque transfer gear for rotation thereby, a plurality of fluid pressure pumps carried by shafts driven by said sets of pinion gears, a plurality of pressure accumulatore carried in the periphery of said head and connected to said iluid pressure pumps for accumulating fluid pressure therein upon rotation of said pumps below a definite speed of rotation of said drive gear, centrifugally operated valves for controlling fluid flow to and from said pressure accumulators, a second intermediate variable torque transfer gear including a planetary gearing set engageable with said sets of pinion gears and with said intermediate variable torque transfer equalizer gear and provided with clutch plates, a cooperating set of clutch plates carried by said head adjacent the clutch plates of said second intermediate variable torque transfer gear and operable by a release of pressure in said pressure accumulators in response to operation of said centrifugally operated valves to cause said sets of clutch plates to engage each other and cause rotation of said head, an output drive gear engaging the planetary gear set of said second intermediate variable torque transfer gear forl rotating the latter and provided with clutch plates, a forward drive output gear provided with clutch plates normally engaging the clutch plates of said output drive gear to cause simultaneous rotation of said output drive gear and said forward drive output gear, an output shaft, and a manually operable selector coupling operable at will for connecting said output drive shaft to said forward output drive gear to cause movement of said output drive shaft in one direction of rotation or for connecting said second intermediate variable torque transfer gear to said output drive shaft with by-passing of said forward drive output gear to cause a reverse direction of rotation of said output drive shaft.

6. An automatic variable speed transmission comprising a drive gear, a ilrst intermediate variable torque transfer gear engageable with said drive gear for rotation by the latter and including a planetary gearing set engageable with an intermediate variable torque transfer equalizer gear, a head provided with a brake band normally in engagement therewith and having a plurality of sets of pinion gears engaging said intermediate variable torque transfer gear-for rotation thereby, a plurality of iluid pressure pumps carried by shafts driven by said sets of opinion gears, a plurality of pressure accumulators carried in the periphery of said head and connected to said fluid pressure pumps for accumulating fluid pressure therein upon rotation of said pumps below a denite speed of rotation of said drive gear, centrifugally operated valves for controlling fluid 1i 110W:V tor'and *from .said pressure accumulatorsgv: a secondiinterrriediatevariable torque transfer gear including a planetarygea'ringset' engageable with saidsets'of'pinion gears Vand witli'said intermedi; ate'- variable torque transferV equalizer gear and provided With clutchplates, a' cooperating set of clutch plates carriedbyrf'said'headvadjacent the clutch'plates ofsaid second'interinediate variable torque-transfery gear andv operable by a release off pressure in said pressureraccumulators in response'l tooperation of saidcentrifugall'y operated valves toi cause' said sets of `clutch plates to engage-eachotherandcause Vrotation of said head', Vanoutp'u't `diiv'egear engaging the planetarygear seti of saidsecond'"intermediate variable torque transfer-gearfor rotating the latter and provided with clutchplates and 'an `adjacent normally disengagedbrake'bandfa forward'dive output gear prcw'id'eciiA with clutch plates 'normally' engaging the *clutch plates" of said output drive gear to cause? simultaneous rotation of said outputV driveV gear and saidforward drivey output gear, an output'shaftga manually operable selector coupling for connecting! saidV output drive shaft to said forward'outputA vdrive gear Vor to said second intermediate variable torque transfer gear for reverse directionk f rotation of 'saidY output vdrive shaftga servolm'otor connected to the brake band normally 4engaging saidhead, a second servomotor Connected to the brake band disposed adjacent said output drive gear, a governoreco'ntrolledvalve connected to said output drive shaft and* operable tol cause Vthe application of a fluid pressure'to said first mentioned servo-motor and release'of the lnormally engaged brake band from said-headto conditionthe latter for rotation uponj building: upof pressure in said accumulators, anda Valve connected tothe Ymanually operable selector couplingv control and operable to cause thermomentary operation of Vsaidsecond mentioned servo-motor with attendant momen-v tary engagement of theadjacent brake band with said output drive gear vto ,retard rotation of the latter and'v facilitate engagement of the manually intermediate variabletorque transfer equalizer f z gear', a :Head: provide'dfwithia plurality ofsets of pinion'gears engaging v'said'."interrrie'diatevariable torque .transfer gear; forV rotation thereby, a plurf'ilityfofzfluid'pressurev pumps. ,carried by shafts drivenby said :sets of pinion gears,` a plurality ofpressure accnmulators` carried in the periphery ofzsaid head and connected to said uid pressure pumps.I nfor A accumulating fuid pressure therein uponfrotation ofrsaid pumps below a denite speed vof rotationof said'drive geargcentrifugally operated valves-for controlling 'fluidfowf'to and from-;said pressure accnmulatorslalsecondintermediate fvariable torque :transfenzgearfincluding aplanetarygearing set engageable ,Withjsaidfsets off-piniongears'and withisaid intermediate 'ivariia able torqueftransfer equalizer gear and provided with clut'chrplates, a: cooperating setiapfclutch plates.y carried by` saidV head?- adjacentVV the V clutch plates-0f saidlsecond intermediate variable torque transfengear and operablefbya-releasefzoi pressure in -said pressure accumulators :in-f response to operationof saidcentrifugally operated valves to cause said sets oft clutch platesfto-engage each other and'causerotationlof saidhead; an output drive gear engaging=.the-planetarygear setpf said second intermediate variable torque transfer gea1=forrotating Ythe latter andprovided with clutch platea-,a forward drive :output gear A:prof vided with clutch platesnormally engaging -f the clutch plates` of said output drive' gear, :to cause simultaneous: rotationv of: -saidr` output -drive @gear and said forwardA drive output gear, vanoutput shaft,a,manua1ly operable selector coupling for connecting said ,outputv -drive v,shaft -tofsaid for-` wardoutput drivel gear, andfalfhyd-raulic'pressure system i 7includingsaid pinionv'. gear V"pumpsy said accumulators, a`I governor controlled valve;1 a pressure `laccumulator chamber, a pressurearelief val-ver` operated bya vehiclepbraking systempand a pair ;of,servomotors.

JOSEPH 'WILLLLir/r ELLOR..v

REFERENCES CITEDr` 'The following references are of record in ,the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATIETNTS."Y 

